Abdominal Mass in the Right Lower Quadrant

CLINICAL DIAGNOSTIC MANUAL

The presence of an abdominal mass in the right lower quadrant can be a significant clinical finding that suggests the presence of various pathologies affecting the organs and structures located in this region.

This finding during a physical examination may indicate inflammatory, neoplastic, or surgical processes, and requires careful evaluation to determine the underlying cause and plan appropriate treatment. Masses in this area can present with a variety of symptoms depending on the etiology.

Condition	Symptoms and Clinical Signs	Suspicion Diagnosis	Confirmatory Diagnosis
Appendiceal Mass	Right lower quadrant pain, fever, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, palpable mass in the right lower quadrant, signs of peritonitis	Clinical history, clinical symptoms	Abdominal ultrasound, abdominal CT scan, blood tests
Crohn’s Disease Granuloma	Chronic abdominal pain, diarrhoea (often with blood), weight loss, fever, fatigue, palpable mass in the right lower quadrant, fistulas, abscesses	Clinical history, clinical symptoms	Colonoscopy, abdominal CT/MRI, biopsy
Caecal Carcinoma	Weight loss, anaemia, haematochezia, intermittent abdominal pain, changes in bowel habits, palpable mass in the right lower quadrant	Clinical history, clinical symptoms	Colonoscopy with biopsy, abdominal CT scan, blood tests
Transplanted Kidney	Palpable mass in the right lower quadrant, altered renal function, signs of rejection, urinary infections	Clinical history, clinical symptoms	Abdominal ultrasound, blood tests (renal function), graft biopsy
Other Causes	Incarcerated inguinal hernia, psoas abscess, mesenteric lymphadenopathy, ovarian cyst, ruptured ectopic pregnancy, diverticulitis	Clinical history, clinical symptoms, physical examination	Abdominal ultrasound, abdominal CT scan, blood tests, specific tests based on suspicion