CLINICAL DIAGNOSTIC MANUAL
Anal inflammation is a common condition that can be caused by a variety of disorders, including infectious, inflammatory, traumatic, and neoplastic processes.
This inflammation may present with pain, itching, swelling, and other symptoms that significantly affect the patient’s quality of life.
Identifying the underlying cause is essential for providing appropriate treatment and relieving symptoms. A detailed clinical evaluation, along with appropriate diagnostic tests, is crucial to determine the precise etiology of anal inflammation.
Pathology | Symptoms and Clinical Signs | Suspicion Diagnosis | Confirmatory Diagnosis |
|---|---|---|---|
Prolapsed Internal Hemorrhoids | Pain, bleeding, itching, perianal lumps that protrude during defecation | Clinical history, physical examination | Anoscopy, sigmoidoscopy |
Acute Anal Fissure | Severe pain during defecation, bleeding, anal spasm | Clinical history, physical examination | Anoscopy, sigmoidoscopy |
Spontaneous Perianal Hematoma | Painful lump, swelling, minor bleeding | Clinical history, physical examination | Endoanal ultrasound, MRI |
Perianal Abscess | Severe pain, fever, swelling, purulent discharge | Clinical history, physical examination | Endoanal ultrasound, MRI, culture of discharge |
Rectal Prolapse | Visible protrusion of rectal tissue, pain, fecal incontinence | Clinical history, physical examination, Valsalva maneuver | Sigmoidoscopy, MRI |
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