Enlarged Prostate

CLINICAL DIAGNOSTIC MANUAL

An enlarged prostate is a common condition in men, particularly as they age. This enlargement can result from various pathologies, ranging from inflammation and infections to malignant neoplasms.

Symptoms can vary depending on the underlying cause and the severity of the enlargement, affecting the patient’s quality of life and urinary function. A thorough evaluation is essential to identify the specific cause and provide appropriate treatment.

Condition	Symptoms and Clinical Signs	Suspected Diagnosis	Confirmatory Diagnosis
Prostatitis	Pelvic or perineal pain, dysuria, urinary urgency and frequency, fever in acute cases	History of urinary symptoms and pain, physical examination revealing tender prostate	Urinalysis, urine culture, and prostate secretion culture, transrectal ultrasound
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)	Weak urine stream, nocturia, urinary frequency and urgency, incomplete emptying	History of obstructive urinary symptoms, digital rectal exam revealing enlarged prostate	PSA test, transrectal ultrasound, uroflowmetry
Prostate Carcinoma	Similar to BPH in early stages, may include hematuria, bone pain in advanced cases	History of persistent urinary symptoms, elevated PSA, digital rectal exam revealing nodules or asymmetry	Prostate biopsy, multiparametric MRI, imaging studies for staging