Glycosuria

CLINICAL DIAGNOSTIC MANUAL

Glycosuria is the presence of glucose in the urine. Normally, the kidneys reabsorb all filtered glucose through the renal tubules, so the appearance of glucose in the urine indicates either abnormally high blood glucose levels or a defect in the renal reabsorption of glucose.

Glycosuria can be a sign of various medical conditions, with diabetes mellitus being the most common cause. It can also occur in renal glycosuria, a less common condition in which the kidneys do not properly reabsorb glucose despite normal blood glucose levels.

Pathology	Clinical Symptoms and Signs	Suspected Diagnosis	Confirmatory Diagnosis
Diabetes mellitus	Polydipsia, polyuria, weight loss, fatigue, blurred vision	Medical history, elevated blood glucose levels, classic symptoms	Fasting glucose, HbA1c, glucose tolerance test
Renal glycosuria	Generally asymptomatic, glucose in urine with normal blood glucose levels	Medical history, normal blood glucose levels	Repeated urinalysis, genetic testing if a hereditary disorder is suspected