Localised Inguinal Lymphadenopathy

CLINICAL DIAGNOSTIC MANUAL

Inguinal lymphadenopathy refers to the enlargement of lymph nodes in the groin region. This condition can result from various pathologies, primarily infections, neoplasms, and inflammatory diseases affecting the lower limbs or pelvis.

The inguinal lymph nodes are responsible for draining lymph from the skin and subcutaneous tissues of the lower limbs, gluteal region, perineum, and external genitalia, so their inflammation may indicate pathologies in these areas.

Pathology	Symptoms and Clinical Signs	Suspected Diagnosis	Confirmatory Diagnosis
Infections in lower limbs or pelvis	Pain, erythema, and warmth in the inguinal region. Fever, general malaise.	Medical history and physical examination. Complete blood count (leukocytosis).	Confirmation with bacterial cultures, serologies, or PCR for specific infections.
Neoplasms	Painless, firm, and fixed lymph nodes. Weight loss, night sweats.	Medical history and physical examination. Inguinal ultrasound.	Confirmation with lymph node biopsy and histopathological analysis.
Inflammatory diseases	Pain in the inguinal region, gastrointestinal symptoms (Crohn’s disease). Fatigue, low-grade fever.	Medical history and physical examination. Complete blood count, elevated ACE levels (sarcoidosis).	Confirmation with lymph node biopsy and histopathological analysis.
Trauma	Pain and tenderness in the inguinal region. History of recent lower limb injuries.	Medical history and physical examination. Inguinal ultrasound to rule out haematoma or abscess.	Confirmation with ultrasound and resolution after appropriate treatment.