MINORS HANDBOOK
HAND INJURIES
Introduction
Bones of the hand and wrist
Anatomy of finger extensors
Anatomy of finger flexors
Clinical signs of hand injury
Hand examination
Specific signs of hand injury
Hand Wounds and Associated Injuries
Extensor injuries
Flexor injuries
Nerve injuries in the hand
Amputations
Amputations of the finger's fatty pad
Ring avulsions
Complex hand wounds
Contused hand wounds
Nail bed lacerations
Foreign bodies under the nail
Subungual haematomas
High-pressure injection injuries
Hand Fractures
Fracture of the distal phalanx of the fingers
Mallet finger with fracture
Fractures of the medial and proximal phalanx of the fingers
Fractures of the metacarpal of the index, middle, and ring fingers
Fifth metacarpal fractures
Hand Dislocations
Dislocations of the finger phalanges
Fifth metacarpal dislocations
Thumb Fractures
Gamekeeper's thumb with avulsion fracture
Bennett's fracture-dislocation
Thumb Dislocations
Dislocation of the thumb at the metacarpophalangeal joint
Thumb dislocations
Soft Tissue Injuries of the Hand
Gamekeeper's thumb
Mallet finger
Boutonniere deformity
Other soft tissue problems of the hand
Pulp infections
Paronychia
Pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis
Palmar space infections
Septic arthritis of the hand
Trigger finger
Trigger thumb
WRIST INJURIES
Wrist Fractures
Scaphoid fracture
Avulsion fractures of the carpal bones
Fracture of the hamate hook
Colles' fracture
Smith's fracture
Barton's fracture
Reverse Barton's fracture
Fracture of the radial styloid process
Wrist Dislocations
Dislocations of the lunate bone
Other carpal dislocations
Soft Tissue Injuries of the Wrist
Wrist sprain
Triangular fibrocartilage complex injury
Rupture of the wrist or hand tendons
De Quervain's tenosynovitis
FOREARM INJURIES
Forearm Fractures
Fracture of the radial and ulnar shaft
Isolated ulnar shaft fracture
Galeazzi fracture-dislocation
Monteggia fracture-dislocation
Isolated radial shaft fracture
ELBOW INJURIES
Elbow Fractures
Olecranon fracture
Radial head or neck fracture
Elbow effusion without visible fracture
Fat pad sign of the elbow
Supracondylar fracture
Supracondylar fracture
Fracture of the medial and lateral condyle
Elbow Dislocations
Elbow dislocation
Medial collateral ligament injury
Pulled elbow
Soft Tissue Injuries of the Elbow
Biceps and brachialis anterior injury
Lateral epicondylitis
Medial epicondylitis
Osteochondritis dissecans
Olecranon bursitis
Elbow nerve compression
SHOULDER INJURIES
Shoulder Fractures
Fracture of the humeral neck or head
Shoulder fracture-dislocation
Clavicle fracture
Scapula fracture
Fracture of the humeral diaphysis
Shoulder Dislocations
Anterior shoulder dislocation
Posterior shoulder dislocation
Luxatio erecta
Soft Tissue Injuries of the Shoulder
Acromioclavicular joint injury or rupture
Rotator cuff injury
Biceps tendon rupture
Impingement syndrome
Subacromial bursitis
Rotator cuff tendinitis
Calcific tendinitis
Adhesive capsulitis
NECK INJURIES
Soft Tissue Injuries of the Neck
Neck sprain
Non-traumatic neck pain
Cervical intervertebral disc herniation
Acute torticollis
Referred pain
Dystonic reactions
Cervical arthritis
FACIAL INJURIES
Facial Wounds
Parotid duct injury
Parotid gland injury
Facial nerve injury
Lip wounds
Tongue wounds
Oral cavity wounds
Eyebrow wounds
Eyelid wounds
Auricular pavilion wounds
Langer’s Lines
Facial Fractures
Cranioencephalic trauma associated with facial injury
PELVIS INJURIES
Pelvic Fractures
Avulsion fractures around the pelvis
HIP INJURIES
Hip Fractures
Acetabular fracture
Intracapsular femoral neck fracture
Intertrochanteric fracture
Avulsion fracture of the trochanter
Garden classification
Traumatic hip pain but no fracture evidence
Hip Dislocations
Central hip dislocation
Traumatic posterior hip dislocation
Anterior hip dislocation
Dislocation of the hip prosthesis
Sacral Fractures Coccyx Fractures
FEMUR INJURIES
Femur Fractures
Subtrochanteric fracture
Supracondylar fracture
Fracture of the femoral diaphysis
KNEE INJURIES
Knee Fractures
Patella fracture
Tibial plateau fracture
Posterolateral horn injuries
Knee Dislocations
Patella dislocation
Knee dislocation
Soft Tissue Injuries of the Knee
Knee haemarthrosis
Cruciate ligament rupture
Collateral ligament rupture
Quadriceps rupture
Patellar tendon rupture
Other Knee Problems
Knee locking
Prepatellar and infrapatellar bursitis
Other causes of knee pain
TIBIA AND FIBULA INJURIES
Tibia-Fibula Shaft Fractures
Tibial shaft fracture
Fibular shaft fracture
Maisonneuve fracture
Pretibial Lacerations Calf Injuries
Calf muscle tear
Calf muscle haematoma
Calf pain without trauma history
Achilles Tendon Injury
Achilles tendon rupture
Achilles tendonitis, Paratendinitis
ANKLE INJURIES
Ankle Fracture
Avulsion fracture
Non-displaced lateral or medial malleolus fracture
Displaced lateral or medial malleolus fracture
Bimalleolar fracture
Trimalleolar fracture
Ankle Dislocation Soft Tissue Injury of the Ankle
Ankle sprain
FOOT INJURIES
Foot Fractures
Talus fracture
Calcaneus fracture
Suspected fracture with normal X-ray
Metatarsal fractures
Isolated avulsion fracture of the 5th metatarsal base
Jones fracture
Stress fracture of the metatarsals
Foot Dislocations
Midfoot or upper dislocations
Metatarsal dislocations
Soft Tissue Injuries of the Foot
Puncture wound of the foot
Foreign bodies within the foot
Morton’s metatarsalgia
Plantar fasciitis
Osteochondritis dissecans
Ingrown toenail
Toe Fractures
Complex toe fractures
Crushed or amputated toes
Toe Dislocations
LOWER BACK PAIN
ACUTE ARTHRITIS
Polyarthritis
Septic arthritis
Traumatic arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Acute gout attack
Pseudogout
Rheumatoid arthritis
Viral arthritis
Rheumatic fever
Seronegative spondyloarthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis
Reiter's syndrome
Psoriatic arthritis
Enteropathic arthropathies
Gonococcal arthritis
BITES & STINGS
Human bite
Tick bite
Insect bites
Wasp stings
Bee stings
Jellyfish stings
Fish stings
Contact with wild animals
Snake bites
OTHER SOFT TISSUE PROBLEMS
Myositis ossificans
Tendinitis and tenosynovitis
Bursitis
Other problems causing joint and limb pain
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