Neck Stiffness

CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS MANUAL

Neck stiffness is a clinical symptom indicating a reduction in the flexibility of the neck. It is often associated with pain and can be an indicator of various medical conditions, some of which may be serious.

Pathology	Diagnosis of Suspicion	Diagnosis of Confirmation
Meningitis	Presence of fever, headache, neck stiffness, photophobia, irritability. Positive meningeal signs.	Lumbar puncture showing CSF abnormalities (increased white cells, elevated proteins, low glucose). CSF cultures to identify the causative agent.
Cervical Spondylosis with Osteophytes	Neck pain and stiffness, worsening with movement. Pain may radiate to the arms.	Neck X-rays showing osteophytes and disc degeneration. MRI to assess nerve compression and the condition of discs and ligaments.
Trauma (e.g., Whiplash)	Pain and stiffness following an accident or impact, limited movement, tenderness on palpation.	Diagnostic imaging such as X-rays or MRI to assess soft tissue injuries, fractures, or dislocations.
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections	Sore throat, fever, general malaise, neck stiffness associated with soft tissue inflammation in the area.	Clinical diagnosis based on symptoms and physical signs. Throat cultures or rapid tests to identify specific pathogens if necessary.