MINORS MANUAL
In addition to traumatic injuries, soft tissue problems in the hand encompass a variety of conditions that can affect tendons, ligaments, muscles, nerves, and the skin. These conditions range from tendinitis to nerve compressions and may compromise the functionality and mobility of the hand.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of soft tissue problems is based on the patient’s medical history and physical examination. Common symptoms include pain, weakness, swelling, limited movement, and, in some cases, numbness or loss of sensation. Imaging tests such as ultrasounds, MRIs, or electromyography may be required to assess the damage and involvement of the structures.
Differential Diagnosis
Pathology | Key Differences |
|---|---|
De Quervain’s Tendinitis | Pain along the radial side of the wrist, especially when moving the thumb or gripping objects. |
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome | Pain, numbness, and tingling in the fingers, caused by compression of the median nerve at the wrist. |
Dupuytren’s Contracture | Thickening and nodules in the palm, with progressive finger flexion. |
Infectious Tenosynovitis | Pain, heat, and localised swelling, often following a laceration or infected wound. |
Ganglion (Synovial Cyst) | Soft or firm lump on the hand or wrist, generally painless, but can cause discomfort when moving the joint. |
Emergency Management
Immobilisation of the hand and the affected area to reduce strain on tendons, muscles, or nerves.
Application of ice or heat as necessary to reduce inflammation and pain.
Administration of pain relievers and anti-inflammatories.
In the case of wounds, immediate cleaning and disinfection, with antibiotics prescribed if necessary to prevent infection.
Referral to a specialist if severe tendon or nerve injuries are suspected, or if there are signs of serious infections such as abscesses or infectious tenosynovitis.
Definitive Treatment
Treatment depends on the specific pathology. Conditions such as De Quervain’s tendinitis and carpal tunnel syndrome may initially be treated with rest, immobilisation, and anti-inflammatories.
If symptoms persist, corticosteroid injections or surgery may be required. Ganglions can be drained if they cause discomfort. In cases of Dupuytren’s contracture, surgical intervention may be needed to release the fingers.
コメント