Skin Hypopigmentation

CLINICAL DIAGNOSTIC MANUAL

Skin hypopigmentation is a condition characterised by the reduction or absence of pigment in specific areas of the skin, resulting in patches that are lighter than the surrounding natural skin tone.

Hypopigmentation can be congenital or acquired and may be associated with a variety of genetic, metabolic, and autoimmune disorders. Identifying the underlying cause is crucial for proper management and treatment.

Pathology	Suspected Diagnosis	Confirmatory Diagnosis
Vitiligo	Well-defined white patches, symmetrical or asymmetrical, without scales.	Physical examination, Wood’s lamp, skin biopsy.
Albinism	Very light skin and hair from birth, sun sensitivity, vision problems.	Genetic testing, physical examination, clinical history.
Phenylketonuria	Hypopigmented patches, mental retardation, musty odour in urine.	Blood phenylalanine levels, genetic testing, urine analysis.