MANUAL MINORS
Soft tissue problems include a variety of injuries affecting muscles, tendons, ligaments, and the skin. These injuries can be acute, such as sprains, contusions, or lacerations, or chronic, such as tendinitis or bursitis. They are common in trauma and sports activities, but can also occur due to repetitive movements or overuse. Treatment depends on the type and severity of the injury.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of soft tissue problems is based on a detailed clinical evaluation that includes medical history, physical examination, and, in some cases, imaging tests such as X-rays, ultrasounds, or MRIs to rule out fractures or more serious injuries.
Differential Diagnosis
Pathology | Main Characteristics |
Bone fracture | Localised pain, bone deformity, limited mobility |
Skin infection | Redness, heat, pain, fever |
Deep vein thrombosis | Leg pain, swelling, purplish discolouration |
Rhabdomyolysis | Severe muscle pain, weakness, dark urine |
Cellulitis | Swelling, redness, heat, localised pain |
Emergency Management
Initial management includes the use of the RICE protocol (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) to reduce inflammation and pain. Analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used to control pain. In more severe cases, such as complete tears or large lacerations, temporary immobilisation or suturing may be necessary.
Definitive Treatment
Definitive treatment varies depending on the type of injury. Minor injuries typically require physical rehabilitation, while more severe injuries, such as ligament or tendon tears, may require surgery.
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