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Weakness Around a Leg Joint

Writer's picture: EditorEditor

Updated: Sep 20, 2024

CLINICAL DIAGNOSTIC MANUAL



Weakness around a leg joint can be a sign of various neuromuscular conditions affecting the innervation and function of surrounding muscles. This weakness may result from nerve injuries, radicular compressions, or neuromuscular diseases that compromise nerve transmission and muscle strength. Identifying the specific cause of weakness is crucial for appropriate management and functional recovery. Clinical evaluation should include a detailed medical history and physical examination, complemented by appropriate diagnostic studies.

Condition

Clinical Symptoms and Signs

Suspected Diagnosis

Confirmatory Diagnosis

Femoral nerve injury

Weakness in knee extension, difficulty climbing stairs, loss of patellar reflex, anterior thigh pain

Clinical history, neurological exam, quadriceps weakness

EMG, nerve conduction studies, lumbar spine MRI

Obturator nerve injury

Weakness in thigh adduction, difficulty crossing legs, pain in the inner thigh

Clinical history, neurological exam, adductor weakness

EMG, nerve conduction studies

L3-L4 root lesion

Radicular pain in the anterior thigh, weakness in knee extension, loss of patellar reflex

Clinical history, neurological exam, radicular signs

Lumbar spine MRI, nerve conduction studies

Tibial nerve injury

Weakness in plantar flexion, loss of Achilles reflex, difficulty walking on toes

Clinical history, neurological exam, calf muscle weakness

EMG, nerve conduction studies

Common peroneal nerve injury

Foot drop, weakness in dorsiflexion and eversion, sensory loss on the top of the foot

Clinical history, neurological exam, foot drop signs

EMG, nerve conduction studies

Sciatic nerve injury

Radicular leg pain, weakness in knee flexion and calf muscles, loss of Achilles reflex

Clinical history, neurological exam, radicular and muscle weakness signs

Lumbar spine MRI, nerve conduction studies

Lateral popliteal nerve palsy

Weakness in dorsiflexion and eversion, foot drop, sensory loss in the lateral leg and dorsum of the foot

Clinical history, neurological exam, foot drop signs

EMG, nerve conduction studies


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