MANUAL MINORS
A wrist sprain is an injury that affects the ligaments of the wrist, which become stretched or torn due to trauma, typically caused by a fall onto an outstretched hand. Ligaments are connective tissue structures that maintain joint stability. The main symptoms include pain, swelling, tenderness to touch, and difficulty moving the wrist.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis is based on clinical evaluation, where pain may be observed when moving the wrist or palpating the injured area. X-rays are commonly performed to rule out fractures, and in some cases, additional imaging studies, such as an MRI, may be required to better assess ligament damage.
Differential Diagnosis
Condition | Distinctive Characteristics |
|---|---|
Wrist fracture | Severe pain, visible deformity, confirmed by X-ray. |
Wrist dislocation | Visible joint displacement, significant loss of function. |
Tendinitis | Progressive pain without acute trauma, worsened by repetitive wrist use. |
Triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injury | Pain on the ulnar side of the wrist, worsened by rotation or weight-bearing. |
Emergency Management
In the initial management of a wrist sprain, it is recommended to immobilise the joint with a splint or elastic bandage to prevent further injury. Ice application during the first 48 hours, along with elevating the wrist, helps to reduce swelling. Pain relievers and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used to control pain.
Definitive Treatment
Definitive treatment for a wrist sprain is typically conservative. Rest, temporary immobilisation, and physiotherapy are essential to restore wrist mobility and strength. In severe cases, where ligaments are significantly damaged, surgical treatment may be necessary to repair the injured structures.
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